2011 was a disaster for metallurgists and good for the sellers of clothing and luxury goods
Rating of the richest people in the world, like a year ago, led by Carlos Slim, Bill Gates and Warren Buffett. However, the Mexican tycoon become poor by $ 5 billion, and the founder of Microsoft rose $ 5 billion, Buffett is also passed (- $ 6 billion), and now he's back breathing Bernard Arnault - Empire Louis Vuitton Moet Hennesy increased its sales by 16%.
2011 was a bad one for the industry: from the top-20 dropped an Indian Lakshmi Mittal and the Muscovite Vladimir Lisin. But the two men returned to Walton (co-owners of Wal-Mart); now their back four. Charles and David Kohi, declared war on Obama, added over $ 3 billion apiece. Place the media tycoon who last year held a co-owner of the agency Thomson Reuters, this year again for Michael Bloomberg, conducting the last term as mayor of New York. Twenty of the richest people of the world refreshed by three positions.
Net Worth: $ 69 billionSource of wealth: TelecomsNationality: MexicoCarlos Slim retains the title of richest man in the world's third consecutive year, despite the fact that his condition for the year decreased by $ 5 billion is because of falling stock telecom giant America Movil, which constitute more than half of its general condition. In April the company was fined by the Mexican government for $ 1 billion for anticompetitive practices, but disputed the decision. Magnate more time than before in conducting their work in the charitable funds: Carlos Slim and Telmex. His goal - a charity for the development of human abilities, rather than the needs of
2. Bill Gates
Net Worth: $ 61 billionSource of wealth: MicrosoftNationality: United States
The first part of the mission accomplished: the most generous people on the planet (he already gave to charity $ 28 billion), helped to destroy the polio in India. In January, the country announced the first year without polio. Gates will continue to allocate $ 200 million a year to rid the world of the disease has not yet been eradicated in Pakistan, Afghanistan and Nigeria. He also has a new goal: the development of agriculture. His foundation donated more than $ 2 billion to small farmers. Less than 25% of state shares accounted for Gates Microsoft, is now reaching a decade high. This has contributed to his condition on the remaining $ 5 billion - in the shares of private companies, bonds and shares of companies such as Ecolab and meksikanskanskaya broadcaster Televisa.
Net Worth: $ 44 billion
Source of wealth: Berkshire Hathaway
Nationality: United States
Who will replace the Oracle of Omaha at the helm of Berkshire Hathaway? In February, Buffett announced that he finally decided, but the name of the heir is not open. In December, he appointed his son Howard, a farmer of the future for the post of chairman, is not vested with executive power, but being the "keeper of the company's values." The new decree of the Senate, undertake to pay the tax the rich no less than 30%, was nicknamed "Buffett's law" in connection with frequent public statements about the billionaire that the rich should pay more taxes. His condition this year decreased by $ 6 billion due to the fall of Berkshire by 7%. In his last annual address, he acknowledged some errors, including the fact that he was "fundamentally wrong" with respect to recovery of the housing market.
Net Worth: $ 41 billion
Source of wealth: LVMH
Nationality: France
Arnaud, the supreme authority in matters of good taste, and again the richest man in Europe, has experienced another stellar year in the luxury goods empire LVMH. Sales rose 16%, and things were going well in Europe and Asia as well, and the United States. Arno called 2011 "another year of great harvest." LVMH has expanded due to the two major brands. First, the Bulgari family traded a controlling stake in the company of a family on the package and place in the LVMH board. Secondly, LVMH acquired a 20% Hermes. The group also formed a joint venture with one of the world's leading manufacturers of crocodile Heng Long. Arno has not achieved comparable success with their more prosaic investment in a chain of supermarkets Carrefour, the valuation is for the year decreased by $ 1 billion in his personal collection - yard Royal Van Lent, the island of Indigo in the Bahamas archipelago (rent $ 300 000 per week) and chalets Cheval Blanc in Courchevel.
Net Worth: $ 37.5 billion
Source of wealth: Zara
Nationality: Spain
In July 2011 Ortega resigned as chairman of Inditex. But the company did not seem to notice it. During the year shares rose by a quarter, increasing the state of Ortega's $ 6.5 billion, he first entered the top five bogayteshih people in the world. In December, Ortega paid $ 536 million milliarshe Esther Koplovits of Torre Picasso, 43-story skyscraper in Madrid. He also owns Epic Residences & Hotel, a 54-story condominium and hotel on the coast of Miami. Still, he owns shares in the football league and jumping field.
The son of a railway worker, Ortega started as a gofer in a shirt store. With former wife Rosalia measure, also a billionaire, he began to sew gowns and lingerie in his living room. His daughter, Martha, works in Inditex, in February, she married the Spanish star Sergio Alvarez Equestrian Moya.
Net Worth: $ 36 billion
Source of wealth: Oracle
Nationality: United States
Shares of Oracle shakes for several months. The situation has improved compared to the lowest point in August, but compared to last year fell by 15% - due to lower sales of hardware and software giant. That was enough to reduce the state of Ellison's $ 3.5 billion in an effort to profit from the cloud, Oracle gave in February $ 1.9 billion for the company Taleo, and in October, $ 1.5 billion for RightNow. Home billionaire sports passion - the yacht. Ellison won the America's Cup in 2010 and organizes the finals of the 34th America's Cup in San Francisco Bay in 2013. This event will take place in the U.S. for the first time in 18 years.
Net Worth: $ 30 billion
Source of wealth: oil, metals
Nationality: Brazil
Brazil's richest man grows rich on the oil fever. In late January, his company OGX Petroleo e Gas has learned from the first oil offshore exploration well. Stake in the company owned by Batiste, estimated at $ 19.8 billion - two-thirds of his condition. The entrepreneur does not forget about the gold, which was once rich. Last February, he spent $ 1.5 billion to buy out the private property listed on a Canadian stock exchange Ventana Gold, which owns an unusually promising, in his opinion, mine in Colombia.
Net Worth: $ 26 billion
Source of wealth: H & M
Nationality: Sweden
In the past year among the designers of clothing stores H & M added Versace and Marni, the first stores opened in Croatia, Romania and Singapore. Now the company has 2500 stores in 43 countries. Persson, who is chairman of the seat and bought 5 million additional shares, and then gave four million of them, valued at $ 150 million, for the needs of a new program to encourage employees.
Net Worth: $ 25.5 billion
Source of wealth: Investments
Nationality: Hong Kong
Despite a slight decrease in the state, Li Ka-Shing for the first time since 2007, returned to the top ten richest people in the world for the first time since 2004, sets the title of richest man in Asia. The owner runs a business empire 270,000 people in 53 countries around the world. His company built every seventh apartment in Hong Kong, Hutchison Port Holdings to exercise 13% of the world's container traffic, and the recently acquired Northumbrian Water supplies clean drinking water to 4.5 million people in England and provides sewage has 2.7 million U Lee also has a personal investments in technology companies a number of Facebook and Spotify. The businessman, traded ninth decade, said: "Anyone who invests in technology, will feel younger." One of the most generous people in Asia, he donated, through its fund of over $ 1.6 billion - mostly in education and medical research.
Net Worth: $ 25.4 billion
Source of wealth: Aldi
Nationality: Germany
At discount chain Aldi Sud around 4500 stores, including 1,200 in 32 U.S. states, sales are estimated at $ 39 billion in the first stores in New York opened in 2011 - one in Queens, the other - in the Bronx. To reduce costs, Aldi stores do not accept credit cards.
Charles, with his brother, Theo, transformed the food shop in a supermarket Aldi mother after World War II. In 1961 they shared the title. Charles got more profitable stores in southern Germany, as well as the rights to the brand in the UK, Australia and the USA. Theo got northern Germany and the rest of Europe.
Net Worth: $ 25.3 billion
Source of wealth: Wal-Mart
Nationality: United States
Christie's remains the richest member of the family thanks to a successful rate of Waltons of her late husband John on the company First Solar (alternative energy). Its capital is decreased by $ 1.2 billion, solely due to lower stock prices manufacturer of solar panels. Thanks to share in Wal-Mart, valued at $ 20 billion, it is still the richest woman in the world, for the seventh consecutive year.
Net Worth: $ 25 billion
Source of wealth: Investments
Nationality: United States
Despite their pledge to spend $ 88 million to defeat President Obama at the next election, Koch brothers have taken a more moderate attitude in politics than usual. Perhaps this is due to the disgusting behavior of opponents: the brothers and their staff in the Koch Industries received hundreds of messages with death threats and obscenities.
Net Worth: $ 25 billion
Source of wealth: Investments
Nationality: United States
Despite their pledge to spend $ 88 million to defeat President Obama at the next election, Koch brothers have taken a more moderate attitude in politics than usual. Perhaps this is due to the disgusting behavior of opponents: the brothers and their staff in the Koch Industries received hundreds of messages with death threats and obscenities. David, who, like his brothers, survived prostate cancer, said his main contribution to the treasury of humanity belongs to a stellar campaign to find a cure for cancer.
Net Worth: $ 24.9 billion
Source of wealth: casino
Nationality: United States
Casino King has blown up the political arena in the U.S. earlier this year, donating more than $ 10 million to the campaign of presidential candidate of the Republican Newt Gingrich. Adelson can afford to throw money - shares its casino Las Vegas Sands jumped by 3700%, compared with the lowest mark during the economic crisis, and almost twice as expensive than competitors' shares of Wynn and MGM together. Now he is eyeing new markets such as Spain.
Net Worth: $ 24 billion
Source of wealth: L'Oreal
Nationality: France
Successor state of L'Oreal, suffering from dementia, in 2011, gave custody of her daughter, Francoise Bettencourt-Meyers after three years of legal squabbles in front of the whole country. In February, she was forced to withdraw from the Board of L'Oreal; it was replaced by 25-year-old grandson, Jean-Victor Meyers.
Net Worth: $ 23.7 billion
Source of wealth: Wal-Mart
Nationality: United States
Heir to Wal-Mart and the son of visionary retailers Sam Walton, Jim is the CEO of Family Bank Arvest Bank, which has campuses in Arkansas, Kansas, Oklahoma and Missouri. He also chairs the Community Publishers, controlling newspapers in Arkansas, Missouri and Oklahoma. Shares of Wal-Mart over the past year have risen by 10%.
Net Worth: $ 23.3 billion
Source of wealth: Wal-Mart
Nationality: United States
In November last year, Ellis has opened a new museum of American Art Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art in Bentonville, Arkansas. The museum features works donated and given to the temporary use of the most Walton (her personal collection valued at more than $ 400 million) and fund family Waltons. It also manages the horse ranch in central Texas.
Net Worth: $ 23.1 billion
Source of wealth: Wal-Mart
Nationality: United States
The eldest son of Sam Walton has served as chairman of the retail giant since 1992. During this period, revenues grew from $ 44 billion to $ 440 billion and employs more than 2.2 million people in 28 countries.
Net Worth: $ 22.3 billion
Source of wealth: Chemicals
Nationality: India
Still being the richest Indian, Ambani has given way to the richest man in Asia. Disagreement between the oil and gas conglomerate Reliance Industries and the Ministry of Oil India due to declining productivity of KG-D6, the largest gas field in coastal India, adversely affected the market capitalization of India's most valuable company. Last year the company signed a contract with BP for $ 7.2 billion to increase production. After the fall of the net profit by 14% in the last quarter, the company announced a buyback of shares for $ 2.1 billion at a price 10% above the market
Net Worth: $ 22 billion
Source of wealth: Bloomberg LP
Nationality: United States
During his last term as mayor of New York, Bloomberg continues to use the money and power to enforce social change. In January, a longtime supporter of equal rights has launched a campaign of "Mayors for the freedom of marriage." In February he won the endorsement of women's rights groups, pledging to provide a donation of $ 250,000 program to support family planning, with funding being cut another fund. Revenues climbed to the information media empire in 2011, more than 10%, while sales through the terminals, is reported to have decreased after the crash, derivatives broker MF Global.
